| O’Grady: Chapter 3 25 Important Definitions |
- Phonetics: the study of the inventory and structure of the sounds of a language.
- Phones: any sounds used in human language.
- Articulatory Phonetics: An approach to phoenetics that studies the physiological mechanisms of speech productions.
- International Phonetic Alphabet (APA): A system for transcribing the sounds of speech that attempts to represent each sound of human speech with a single symbol.
- Segments: individual speech sounds.
- Syllable: a unit of linguistic structure that consists of a syllabic element and any segments that are associated with it.
- Broad transcription: Phonetic transcription that uses a relatively simple set of symbols to represent contrasting segments.
- Diacritics: marks added to a phonetic symbol to alter its value in some way.
- Narrow transcription: phonetic transcription that uses a fairly elaborate set of symbols and diacritics to show phonetic detail.
- Larynx: the box-like structure in the throat through which air passes during speech production, commonly known as the voice box.
- Pharynx: The area of the throat between the uvula and the larynx.
- Glottis: The space between the vocal cords.
- Voiceless: The glottal state in which the vocal cords are pulled apart, allowing air to pass directly through the glottis.
- Glides: Sounds that a produced with an articulation like that of a vowel but move quickly to another articulation.
- Stops: Sounds made with a complete and momentary closure of airflow through the air tract.
- Fricatives: Consonants produced with a continuous airflow through the mouth, accompanied by a continuous audible noise.
- Affricates: Noncontinuant consonants that show a slow release of the closure.
- Aspiration: The lag in the onset of vocalic voicing, accompanied by the release of air that is heard about the release of certain stops in English.
- Liquids: A class on consonants containing l or r sounds and their variants.
- Nasalization: The nasalizing affect that a nasal consonant can have on an adjacent vowel.
- Epenthesis: A process that inserts a segment into a particular environment
- Metathesis: A process that reorders a sequence of segments.
- Voicing Assimilation: The process by which one sound becomes more like another in terms of whether it is voiced or voiceless.
- Place Assimilation: The process by which one segment becomes more like another in either the place at which it is articulated or the manner by which it is articulated.
- Devoicing: Voicing assimilation in which a sound becomes voiceless because of a nearby voiceless sound.
Thanks for posting these definitions! As I was reading this chapter, I felt overwhelmed by all of the new terminology, and I wish the author would have included something like this for us at the beginning of the chapter. I felt that Freeman and Freeman's chapter on phonology did a better job of explaining the terms than O'Grady. Great job on your other mind maps as well- you really covered a lot of important information!
ReplyDeleteThis glossary of terms will be helpful throughout this course and others. It is great to have all of these definitions in one place! Thanks!
ReplyDeletePosting the definitions was a great idea! I appreciate having them all in one place to place in my notebook so when I need them in future assignments.
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